Methanol poisoning: Analysis of a case series in two public hospitals

Authors

  • Yanissa Venegas-Justiniano Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Servicio de Nefrología, Lima-Perú; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima-Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1141-0710
  • Karina Rosales-Mendoza Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Servicio de Nefrología, Lima-Perú; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima-Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6919-3766
  • Bethel Enríquez-Almanza Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Servicio de Nefrología, Lima-Perú; Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Servicio de Emergencia, Lima-Perú.
  • Melinda Valdivia-Infantas Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Servicio de Emergencia, Lima-Perú; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima-Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4556-6732
  • Alan Barboza-Pastrana Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Servicio de Nefrología, Lima-Perú; Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Nacional Hipólito Unanue, Lima-Perú. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0527-6662
  • Abdías Hurtado-Aréstegui Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Servicio de Nefrología, Lima-Perú; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima-Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8850-7903

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35663/amp.2024.411.2775

Keywords:

Poisoning, Methanol, Acidosis

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with methanol poisoning in two public hospitals.

Materials and methods: Retrospective case series, 41 medical records of patients admitted to emergency with a diagnosis of methanol intoxication in the period 2018-2022 in two public hospitals in Lima-Peru were reviewed. Patients were from Arzobispo Loayza National Hospital and Hipolito Unanue Hospital.

Results: Of the 41 patients, 35 were male, with a mean age of 44.4 years. Nearly 50% were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), and 23/41 (56,1%) required hemodialysis. All patients presented severe metabolic acidosis with elevated anion gap. Forty-eight hours after admission, 9/41 (21,9%) patients died. Of those who survived, 23/41 (56,1%) had sequelae: 21 patients developed toxic optic neuropathy and two patients had motor sequelae due to hemorrhagic stroke. Lower pH (6,7 vs. 7,1, p<0,001) and bicarbonate (3 mmol/L vs.
4,9 mmol/L, p= 0,004) levels, as well as higher lactate (9,6 mmol/L vs 2,3 mmol/L, p<0,001) and sodium (142,5 mmol/L vs. 138 mmol/L, p<0,036) values were evidenced in the deceased patients compared to those who survived.

Conclusion: Methanol poisoning continues to be a condition that leaves sequelae and it may lead to death. Severe metabolic acidosis with an elevated anion gap, associated with respiratory and neurological symptoms are its main manifestations; therapy is based on the administration of ethanol, bicarbonate, and hemodialysis support.

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Published

2024-03-30

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Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLES

How to Cite

1.
Methanol poisoning: Analysis of a case series in two public hospitals. Acta Med Peru [Internet]. 2024 Mar. 30 [cited 2024 Dec. 26];41(1). Available from: https://amp.cmp.org.pe/index.php/AMP/article/view/2775

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