Knowledge on diabetes mellitus type 2 and adherence to treatment in patients from the hospital Reátegui, Piura, Peru

Abstract

Objective: To determine the association between knowledge about Diabetes Mellitus and adherence to treatment in patients of the Jorge Reátegui Piura Hospital 2019.

Methods: Study carried out in 236 patients from the Jorge Reátegui - Piura Hospital, who attended the endocrinology office during 2019. Adherence and level of knowledge were evaluated through questionnaires: Morisky Green-8 test (high, medium or low adherence) and Test Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire 24 (adequate and inadequate). Multinomial logistic regression was applied between the variables, in SPSS v.25.

Results: Inadequate knowledge predominated (68.2%); over the adequate (31.8%). Adherence was low (38.6%); medium (31.4%) and high (30.0%). An association was found between knowledge and adherence to treatment (p = 0.001). Also, between educational level (p = 0.002) and origin (p = 0.037). If the patient does not present studies, it is associated with low adherence OR 6,244 [CI (2,113 -18,449), p = 0.001], or mean OR 3,724 [CI (1,207 -11,492), p = 0.022]. In addition, if the patient presents primary, it is associated with low adherence OR 5,591 [CI (1,766 -17,703), p = 0.003]. Likewise, if the patient comes from a rural area OR 5,923 [IC (1,596 -21,979), p = 0.008], or marginal urban OR 4,431 [IC (1,274 -15,411), p = 0.019] associated with low adherence. An association was found between inadequate knowledge and low adherence OR 3,451 [CI (1,748 -6,814), p = 0.000], or mean OR 2,625 [CI (1,313 -5,247), p = 0.006].

Conclusion: There is an association between knowledge about diabetes and adherence; inadequate knowledge predisposes to a higher risk of low or medium adherence. Likewise, certain sociodemographic factors such as the degree of education and the origin.